Wholesale Surveillance

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Dying Bees, the Real Cause – (and How to Bring Them Back)

From the perspective of spiritual ecology, some of the suspected causes merely stand in the foreground of the disappearing honeybees  -  EMF radiation; GM crops; and diseases and pests  - while artificial incursions of modern bee-keeping on overall hive ecology are recognized to prevail at the root of the issue.

Varroa, an old story retold

Diseases and parasites, such as the invading Eurasian varroa mite, when looked at in the same light as other modern agricultural issues, actually presents itself as a red herring for anyone in pursuit of the central cause of bee decimation.

While initial losses appear to have accrued as a result of varroa, it is almost certain to be a temporary phase.  The situation is not unlike problems in other areas of modern agriculture.  Using the cattle industry as a choice example, pathogenic forces are not really threatening stocks but, rather, decades of contrivance and intercession by means of antibiotics, hormones, and other artificial “propping up” of the species that have weakened and degraded the overall constitution of the species.  (And let us call events like Mad Cow disease a symptom, not a cause, of the bottoming out of the cattle industry.)
Witness the decidedly hale condition of the bison alongside the debilitated circumstance of cattle.  In a word, predation strengthens a species, and interference with that predation leads to debilitation.  The finest shepherd ever invented, in terms of a keeper for the bison herds, was Canis lupus, the common wolf.
There are times, and this includes livestock, bees, and any other biological form, when a producer has to “take in on the chin” and let the species evolve by allowing the surviving, adaptable members of the population reproduce.  The result will be an enviable level of wholesomeness in both species and product.

This leads to the heart of the matter  -  too much interference.  For example, in a bid to avoid having to work with a species that can become what humankind deems as overly aggressive, we have been cultivating a more “docile” temperament in the bee.  Therefore, unlike its more combative relatives in other parts of the world, who are able to bite at, mutilate, and dispose of the varroa mite, our more passive breeds are not equipped to handle these intruders. 

Time will heal the varroa situation, if we let the honeybee “duke it out” in its own way, under its own terms.  As with most predation, the strongest will survive to carry forth its capable seed into future stocks.

Excessive interference and the foresight of Rudolf Steiner

In deference to the spiritual science of Rudolf Steiner, it needs to be said that this modern Renaissance man predicted in 1923 that if humanity continued to cultivate the honeybees by artificial means, we would, within eighty years, witness the mass disappearance of the bees.

Arguably the best-kept secret of the 20th Century, in terms of a resource for social transformation, Rudolf Steiner, in his series of lectures entitled “The Bees,” portrayed the intricate nature of the honeybee community.
In capsule, Steiner warned against both meddling with the natural process of hive society and artificial manipulation of queen bees.

The following list of aspects of human interference with the natural process of bee life, while substantial, is no doubt incomplete:

- The raising of larva in separate quarters, arbitrary feeding of royal jelly to produce queens, then shipping by post to keepers.

- Selection of bee populations for docility, de-selecting for aggression.

- In contrast to the normal 5 or 6-year life span of a queen, “re-queening” after one or two years.

- The grafting of queens -  moving larva to artificial cups, then cages for transport.

- Supplanting guard bees with protective measures by humans.

- Keeping hives hyper clean, to reduce production of “nuisance” propolis.

- Using chemical control agents for disease and pests.

- Providing ready-made combs in place of bee-constructed combs, to save work (production time) for the bees.

- In a similar vein, supplying sheets of wax, so bees don’t have to gather and secret their own wax.

- Use of ventilators so the bees don’t have to tend this.

- Use of queen excluders to prevent eggs being laid in inconvenient areas of the hive.

- Moving of hives over long distances at the will of human intention.

- Clipping of queens’ wings.

- Agricultural practices consisting of monocultures that wreak havoc on honeybee diets, and limiting options once the dominant crop is no longer flowering.

The foregoing list of strategies used to manipulate production demonstrates that mankind is capable of invention.  In fact, we are able to wax clever, even to the point of genius.  However, in this modern era (in which we find ourselves so often losing the perspective of overview, due to reductionism and specialization, among other things) it appears that when we fail to perceive the whole picture, our inventiveness falls short of the masterful way that a naturally developing hive proceeds.

To access the complete article on this issue, visit the Earth Vision website.

About the Author

J Graf is the coordinator of Insight21 and Earth Vision - doorways for the 21st Century.

What's the best telescope for beginning astrophotography?

I would like to start taking photos of objects like nebulae and planets with a telescope. I know it will need a motorized tracker (or something similar) but apart from that, I haven't a clue which would be the BEST for a beginner. I don't have a big budget to go all out, but I'd like a few opinions. Also, what camera would be best? I don't think at this point I could run out and get a CCD camera, but shouldn't it be capable with another kind that lets you do a long exposure?

For photographing the moon and planets you don't need a large or expensive scope, but you should get one with an equatorial mount - some of the computer controlled scopes are on alt-azimuth mounts, which will cause problems. The way to do it cheaply is by using a webcam to take large numbers of pictures, selecting the best and then "stacking" them to produce a single, good image. Have a look at Eric Ng's pictures to see how good they can be! If you google for "webcam" and "astrophotography" you'll find tons of information - most of which will be more up to date than anything I can tell you! I've not tried it, but I'm told you can get reasonable results with a camera lens instead of a telescope.

Deep sky objects are more tricky - they're much fainter, so you have to work with longer exposures. Longer exposures mean you need a better quality mount to reduce tracking errors, and that means more expense! A lot of the schmidt cassegrain 'scopes will say they're "ideal for astrophotography", but you need to be careful - they're usualy on fork mounts, some of which don't have enough room to allow the full range of movement when a camera's fitted. But then, if your 'scope needs to be mobile, you might not have much choice! It's a huge subject, and given the amount of money you could spend, you'd be better off getting personal information. If you've got a local astronomy society I'd get in touch with them and see what they can do for you.

Seguin High honors senior’s dedication
Brittini Lopez, in her gold cap and gown, walked down an aisle — lined by family, friends, peers and teachers — to the “Pomp and Circumstance.” The Seguin High senior made her way to the front of the room with confidence knowing she had earned her high school diploma at long last.

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