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Learning German - Cognates And Fake Cognates

It has been often speculated and questioned which foreign language is easier to learn for a native English speaking person or for someone that already masters the English language. Spanish has the advantage of being so widely spread and having influenced the entire world already, however it is a Latin language, hence a bit harder to adjust to. French is also quite popular, but it is also a Romance language (hence a "daughter" of Latin languages) and it's often considered "artistic" enough as to make it harder to learn for an English speaker. German on the other hand, shares the same lexical foundations as English, both being Anglo – Saxon languages, but it is way to often related to the "German long words" which makes learning it a scary process. Still, of the three options German remains the most accessible one because of the large shared set of cognates in the English and German languages.

Cognates are words that look and sound alike in both languages and their meaning and syntactic values are also equal. Sometimes these cognates are identical, but they can often stray off by a few letters and still look and sound similar. The important thing is that they keep their shared meaning and syntactic value, becoming "fake cognates" in any other case. Fake cognates are quite numerous between the English and German languages and they will oftentimes be a hindrance to learning them. So Germans learning English will have an equal amount of trouble with fake cognates (called "falsche freunde" in German) as English speaking persons trying to learn German.

Cognates and fake cognates are sometimes divided into a few categories, as follows:

Category A (words look alike, mean alike and almost sound alike)

Examples of cognates falling in this category include: butter, winter, best, etc.

Category B (words almost look alike and they mean the same thing)

Examples of category B cognates include (German – English): bier – beer, bett – bed, faust – fist, Gott – God, haus – house, maus – mouse, laus – louse, etc.

Category C (words falling in this category are fake cognates, but they can become cognate in a specific context)

This is not a very large category of words, being an intermediary between cognates and fake cognates. Examples could include: see – see (Sea, in German), residenz – residence, etc.

Category D (words that almost look alike but never mean alike)

Words falling into these categories are pure fake cognates. Examples are abundant, such as (German – English – German true meaning): baum – beam – tree, sterben – to starve – to die, wald – weald – forest, warden – weird – to become, schmerz – smart – pain and the list could go on for a while.

Category E (words look identical but their meaning is completely different)

This is a particularization of category D fake cognates in which the two "false friend" words are identical in spelling and pronunciation. Obviously, the list is smaller, examples including (German/English – German true meaning): hall – corridor, slip – underwear, gift – poison, billion – milliard, bald – soon, etc.

You can find a more complex list of cognates and false cognates all over the Internet and it's a good thing to start with them whenever you're trying to start learning German. Cognates will help you a lot in understanding the German language and it will make it feel a lot closer to English than any other language. In addition, knowing fake cognates will also help you in avoiding the traps of using a word in an incorrect context.

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Does anyone have a lot of experience tanning (naturally+fake bake) AND using different self-tanning products?

I have just enough Native American in me to tan pretty easily and quickly, and I don't normally use sunscreen unless I'm out in the sun for > 1 1/2 hours, but this summer I want to be darker than I was the past couple years. So I wanna be somewhat health conscious. I plan to tan outside whenever I can, but I would like to know what products would be good for enhancing the natural tan I'm going for.
Also, I might do a little bit of fake baking. (I'm not a real big fan.) I know about the specialized lotions for tanning beds, but would using a typical low SPF lotion normally used for regular sun protection--to sort of help protect from damage during fake baking--completely defeat the purpose of going to the tanning bed in the first place?? I've been wondering this for awhile, so any advice or product recommendations would be a TON of help!

Ok first of all...in response to that comment above. Tanning beds do not explode.
Like any electrical unit there is always the possibility of a spark but that is due to wiring and not the actual bulbs. There have been no cases of deaths by a tanning bed exploding and in fact only 1 case ever of deaths due to tanning and that was from 3rd degree burns because a person was taking severly strong antibiotics (which are photosensitive) that her friend had given her. She was using them as "tanning pills" over a period of time.
It was really due to her own stupidity and not the tanning idustry what so ever.
Anyway I prefer tanning indoors simply because I know the strength of the bulbs and they never change. Outside, the intensity of the sun can change every hour. Of course I would love to go to hawaii and I would sit out all day there!!
If you have indian in you, your right you probably do tan pretty easy but make sure to know how far your body can go. If you don't tan don't lay out etc.
I recommend 2 times a week for 2 or 3 weeks to build a tan and than 1 time a week after that.
My favorite lotion for getting really dark is Smoke's Black Bronzer. Smoke is a line made by 'Supre' you can look it up online. If you use it though make sure to wash your hands after tanning as it is so dark and will stain your palms.
I wouldn't bother with spf besides on your face and/or chest area. Anywhere you want to keep from aging. If you want to get tan though, why stop the process with sun BLOCK.
Just everything in moderation. Don't over do it for too long. It's like wine, it is recommend to have a glass a night, not a bottle.
If it makes you feel better...your body gets vitamin d from the sun. Vitamin d is essential and lowers the risks of many different forms of illness. More and more studies are proving that the sun can actually prevent more serious forms of cancer!!

Police: Fake IDs found on Coast Guard base workers
GALVESTON — Four men using fake identification cards, including two registered to women, were arrested while working at the Galveston Coast Guard base, authorities said Friday. The Coast Guard is constructing an office building after the base was damaged by the Sept. 13, 2008, landfall of Hurricane Ike. The four men arrived with a contractor Wednesday morning and presented the identification ...

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